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Mausoleum of Princess Jeonghyo
The Mausoleum of Princess Jeonghyo (known as Zhenxiao in Chinese) was made in 793 by the people of early Korea's Balhae kingdom, and is a part of the Ancient Tombs at Longtou Mountain in Jilin, China.〔Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-hae, 《Korean History in Maps》, Cambridge University Press, 2014. ISBN 1107098467 p.65〕 The Mausoleum contains, among other things, the first complete discovered and detailed murals done by Balhae artists, and hence provides valuable insights to historians.
==Mausoleum==
The mausoleum was marked by a rectangular pagoda, of which only the base remains.〔Korea Art History Academy, "美術史學硏究", 233-236, 2002. p.59〕 The burial chamber is underground, beneath the remains of the pagoda, and was excavated in October 1980.〔Keong-il Kim, "Pioneers of Korean Studies", Joeun Munhwasa, 2004. ISBN 8971055154 p.459〕 The 10.5-metre-high chamber is rectangular: 5.0 × 2.6-m, and is covered with blue-green bricks. The mounds of earth lined with stones demonstrate the continuance of Goguryeo-style tomb〔 but the formal cloth shows Tang style, which implies that Balhae actively accepted the culture of Tang.〔Patricia Ebrey, Anne Walthall, "Pre-Modern East Asia:A Cultural, Social and Political History", Cengage Learning, 2013. ISBN 1133606512 p.65〕
The burial chamber contains a 1.05-metre tall, 0.58-metre width × 0.26-m depth ''mugui''-shaped (土圭) complete and unbroken granite epitaph, on which 728 Chinese characters, in the Regular Script style, are inscribed in 18 horizontal lines. The epitaph is of a typical combined written form, which contained both the chronological writings of the Princess' whole life and the remembrance writings which displayed the praise and remembrance for the Princess. The Balhae scholar - author of this epitaph was highly learned in the traditional Chinese literature and written masterpieces, reflected in the use of sentences which included poetic lines that were modeled upon some of the poets of the early Tang dynasty.
The chamber is surrounded by four murals on each wall, depicting thirteen people in action, such as warriors (3), chamber attendants, musicians, and maids, wearing red, blue, yellow, purple, and brown robes. The murals displayed the image of the Balhae people in its completeness for the first time.
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